| Authors: | Singh, Satish S.; Roy, Abhijit; Lee, Boeun E.; Banerjee, Ipsita; Kumta, Prashant N. |
| Title: | MC3T3-E1 proliferation and differentiation on biphasic mixtures of Mg substituted ²-tricalcium phosphate and amorphous calcium phosphate |
| Type: | Journal Article |
| Publisher: | Materials Science and Engineering: C |
| Year: | 2014 |
| Volume: | 45 |
| Issue: | 0 |
| Start Page: | 589 |
| End Page: | 598 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.msec.2014.03.032 |
| WEB-link: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0928493114001581 |
| Abstract: | A low temperature aqueous approach was used to synthesize nanocrystalline, high surface area Mg2 + substituted ²-tricalcium phosphate (²-TCMP) to assess its potential use as a synthetic bone graft substitute. X-ray diffraction indicated that ²-TCMP was the predominant crystalline phase formed. However, thermal analysis revealed the presence of a secondary amorphous phase which increased with increasing Mg2 + concentration. Further analysis by Rietveld refinement indicated that the level of ionic substitution of Ca2 + by Mg2 + was significantly lower than the amount of Mg2 + measured using elemental analysis, confirming the formation of a Mg2 + rich secondary amorphous phase. MC3T3-E1 proliferation on substrates prepared using ²-TCMP was assessed using the MTT assay. In comparison to commercially available ²-TCP, increased proliferation was observed on samples prepared with 50% Mg, despite elevated Mg2 + and PO43 concentrations in culture media. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and qRT-PCR were used to study the effect of varying Mg2 + substitution on osteogenic differentiation. Cells cultured on ²-TCMP substrates prepared with increased Mg2 + concentrations expressed significantly increased levels of ALP activity and osteogenic genes such as, osteocalcin, collagen-1, and Runx2, in comparison to those cultured on commercially available ²-TCP. |
| Keywords: | Calcium phosphate, Magnesium, Rietveld refinement, Osteogenic differentiation |
